While looking across the coffee aisle of your local grocery store, you may have probably come across bags with ‘Arabica’ and ‘Robusta’ written on them. Have you ever wondered what these names imply? Well, these are names of the assorted types of coffee beans that tell us about the taste and other bits of details about the coffee. Arabica and Robusta are two of the primary species of coffee plants available worldwide with Arabica accounting for 60 to 70 per cent of total world production. There are different types available which might be far less to be found. The different types of coffee when brewed taste different.
When it involves selecting coffee, we normally consider the roasting profiles or the origin of the beans. However there is more to it that is unique to each of the types.
Types and Traits of Coffee Beans
There are four major types of coffee beans available commercially – Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa. Let’s delve more into each of those types available and their uniqueness.
Arabica
Arabica remains the most well-liked coffee beans, accounting for over 60% of total coffee production in the world. The popularity of this coffee lies in its delicate and distinctive flavour and less acidity. Arabica beans are farmed at high altitude areas with loads of rain and adequate shade. With two-thirds of the Amazon rainforest lying within Brazilian territory has helped the country turn out to be the world’s largest producer of Arabica beans. The plants are pretty delicate and badly affected throughout adverse environmental conditions. Farming in large quantities is a problem as these plants are inclined to plant illnesses and need fixed attention. This pushes up the cost of beans considerably, though coffee drinkers do not mind paying the value due to its softer and sweeter taste. The plant grows no taller than 6 feet, making it straightforward to prune and harvest.
One point that needs highlighting is that the multi-layer intricacies of its taste may diminish when served cold or with a blend of milk or creamer. High-quality coffee is finest served black and hot. Nonetheless, you would give the drink a style by adding some flavour to it.
Robusta
When it comes to international production, Robusta comes second in the list of farmed coffee beans after Arabica. True to its name, the Robusta species is very tolerant of its environment and quite resistant to diseases. The high caffeine content, nearly double the amount of Arabica, makes the plant so robust. Caffeine acts because the plant’s self-defence towards diseases.
Compared to others, Robusta beans are bigger and more rounded. On the whole, Robusta has a burnt or rubbery style, which makes it less fashionable, except the place robust coffee is the favoured choice. The top-quality beans are single-origin coffees and have a smooth texture, and sometimes have gentle chocolate and rum associated with their flavour profile. The coffee is crafted from small-batch roasters. For the best tasting experience with your every day dose of caffeine, brew the coffee, adding cream and sugar to reduce its flavour.
Liberica
Liberica is a rare treat these days. The beans are grown in specific climates of the Philippines that leads to its scarce production to satisfy global needs. Liberica beans are sometimes asymmetrical in form, and larger than others. Those who have had the coffee said the beans have an aroma of fruity and floral aroma notes and possess a somewhat “woody” taste.
Excelsa
Although Excelsa is reclassified as a member of the Liberica household, the two species are so markedly completely different that many coffee drinkers nonetheless consider them as separate species. Much like Liberica, Excelsa grows at related altitudes, the bushes reaching a height of 20-30 ft, and the beans have an almond-like shape. Excelsa boasts a tart and fruity flavour and has each light and dark roast notes to create its distinctive profile, luring coffee connoisseurs to seek out this variety.
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