While looking around the coffee aisle of your native grocery store, you might have probably come across bags with ‘Arabica’ and ‘Robusta’ written on them. Have you ever wondered what these names imply? Well, these are names of the varied types of coffee beans that inform us about the style and different bits of details about the coffee. Arabica and Robusta are of the primary species of coffee plants available worldwide with Arabica accounting for 60 to 70 per cent of total international production. There are other types available which can be far less to be found. The different types of coffee when brewed taste different.
When it involves choosing coffee, we often consider the roasting profiles or the origin of the beans. However there may be more to it that is distinctive to each of the types.
Types and Traits of Coffee Beans
There are four primary types of coffee beans available commercially – Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa. Let’s delve more into every of those types available and their uniqueness.
Arabica
Arabica remains the most popular coffee beans, accounting for over 60% of total coffee production in the world. The popularity of this coffee lies in its delicate and distinctive flavour and less acidity. Arabica beans are farmed at high altitude areas with loads of rain and adequate shade. With -thirds of the Amazon rainforest lying within Brazilian territory has helped the country become the world’s largest producer of Arabica beans. The plants are pretty delicate and badly affected during adverse environmental conditions. Farming in large quantities is a problem as these plants are prone to plant ailments and wish constant attention. This pushes up the cost of beans considerably, though coffee drinkers do not mind paying the value because of its softer and sweeter taste. The plant grows no taller than 6 toes, making it easy to prune and harvest.
One level that wants highlighting is that the multi-layer intricacies of its taste may diminish when served cold or with a mix of milk or creamer. High-quality coffee is greatest served black and hot. However, you may give the drink a taste by adding some flavour to it.
Robusta
By way of international production, Robusta comes second in the list of farmed coffee beans after Arabica. True to its name, the Robusta species may be very tolerant of its atmosphere and quite proof against diseases. The high caffeine content, nearly double the amount of Arabica, makes the plant so robust. Caffeine acts as the plant’s self-defence towards diseases.
Compared to others, Robusta beans are larger and more rounded. Normally, Robusta has a burnt or rubbery taste, which makes it less common, besides the place sturdy coffee is the favoured choice. The highest-quality beans are single-origin coffees and have a smooth texture, and sometimes have delicate chocolate and rum related with their flavour profile. The coffee is crafted from small-batch roasters. For one of the best tasting expertise with your day by day dose of caffeine, brew the coffee, adding cream and sugar to reduce its flavour.
Liberica
Liberica is a uncommon deal with these days. The beans are grown in specific climates of the Philippines that leads to its scarce production to satisfy global needs. Liberica beans are often asymmetrical in shape, and larger than others. Those who have had the coffee said the beans have an aroma of fruity and floral aroma notes and possess a somewhat “woody” taste.
Excelsa
Although Excelsa is reclassified as a member of the Liberica family, the 2 species are so markedly different that many coffee drinkers still consider them as separate species. Much like Liberica, Excelsa grows at similar altitudes, the trees reaching a height of 20-30 ft, and the beans have an almond-like shape. Excelsa boasts a tart and fruity flavour and has each light and dark roast notes to create its unique profile, luring coffee connoisseurs to seek out this variety.
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